Mswati Iii of Swaziland free essay sample

Swaziland is the ruler of Swaziland, and leader of the Swazi Royal Family. He succeeded his late dad, Sobhuza II, in 1986. Early life He is one of numerous children of King Sobhuza II (who had 70 spouses and at the hour of his demise left more than 1000 grandkids) and the lone offspring of Ntombi Tfwala, otherwise called Inkhosikati LaTfwala, one of the Kings more youthful wives. He was conceived at the Raleigh Fitkin Memorial Hospital, just four months before Swaziland accomplished freedom from Britain, and after he and his mom were released from the medical clinic they went to live at one of King Sobhuzas habitations of Etjeni close Masundwini Palace. His original name was Makhosetive (King of Nations). As a youthful ruler, Makhosetive went to Masundwini Primary School and Lozitha Palace School. He sat for the Swaziland Primary Certificate assessment in December 1982 at Phondo Royal Residence and got a First Class with merit in Mathematics and English. We will compose a custom exposition test on Mswati Iii of Swaziland or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page He built up an extraordinary enthusiasm for the regal watchman, turning into the main youthful cadet to join the Umbutfo Swaziland Defense Force (USDF). In September 2008, Mswati III was required to pick his fourteenth spouse at a service of exposed breasted female virgins. Rule When his dad passed on of pneumonia in 1982, the illustrious chamber Liqoqo headed by Prince Mfanasibili picked the 14-year-old sovereign Makhosetive to be the following lord. The uncommon gathering was left with the undertaking to do this after one of King Sobhuzas final words. For the following four years two spouses of the late King Sobhuza II filled in as official, Queen Dzeliwe Shongwe (1982â€1983) and Queen Ntombi Tfwala (1983â€1986) while he proceeded with his instruction in England, going to Sherborne School before he was brought back to dominate. Ruler He was presented as Crown Prince in September 1983 and was delegated King on April 25, 1986, matured 18 years and 6 days, and along these lines making him the most youthful ruling ruler. The lord and his mom, whose title is Indlovukazi (Great She-Elephant), rule together. Today he is Africas last outright ruler as in he has the ability to pick the executive, other top government posts and top customary posts. Despite the fact that he makes the arrangements, he despite everything needs to get uncommon guidance from the sovereign mother and committee, for instance when he picks the leader. With regards to selecting the bureau, he gets prompt from the executive. He acquired a standard by declaration, yet restored the countries Parliament, which had been broken down by his dad because of the confusion of the multiparty framework, that was seen as breaking the nation separated at the time thinking about that the nation had quite recently got its autonomy. The nation as of now has its own sort of majority rule government called the Tinkhundla framework and has a constitution which permits opportunity of get together and free discourse for both the media and the general population. The Swaziland media in gatherings with other local media houses (MISA) says it is allowed to report however it sees fit. In 2001, every single unmarried lady were set under the celibacy ritual of umcwasho between 9 September 2001 and 19 August 2005 trying to check the spread of HIV and AIDS. This custom (re-presented after proposal from NGOs), prohibited sexual relations for Swazis under 18 years old, yet in 2005, he damaged this announcement when he wedded a 17-year-old young lady, who turned into his thirteenth spouse. According to custom, he was fined a dairy animals by individuals from her regiment, which he appropriately paid. Progression In Swaziland no lord can select his replacement. Just an autonomous extraordinary conventional Council called the Liqoqo chooses which of the spouses will be Great Wife and Indlovukazi (She-Elephant/Queen Mother). The child of this Great Wife will consequently turn into the following lord. The Great Wife should just have one child (ostensibly) and be of acceptable character. Her character influences her childs odds of rising to the authority. As indicated by Swazi culture, a child can't be the beneficiary if his mom isn't of acceptable standing. She should not manage the family name of Nkhosi-Dlamini and she should not be a custom spouse (I. . the oldest child is never the beneficiary). The King at present has thirteen spouses. A Swazi Kings initial two spouses are picked for him by the national councilors. These two have extraordinary capacities in customs and their children can never guarantee Kingship. The main spouse must be an individual from the Matsebula faction, the second of the Motsa family. As per convention, he can just wed his fiancees after they have fallen pregnant, demonstrating they can shoulder beneficiaries. Up to that point, they are named liphovela, or ladies.

Group Influence Essay

A gathering is a mix of more than one individual sharing a few qualities, convictions, or a lot of practices. Numerous people together sharing a shared objective or need is a gathering of individuals. Individuals in a gathering sharing these normal things will in general have reliant practices. Every one of the individuals from a gathering impacts the conduct of another. People will in general respond to circumstances or have explicit practices in explicit circumstances guided by a reference bunch view to those circumstances. Gatherings of individuals that impact their selves are individuals from a similar religion, flat mates, school companions, coworkers, and so on. Gatherings impact their selves in two different ways. A gathering may impact the character through congruity or dutifulness. Gathering impact effectsly affects their selves. Some of them are sure while others are pessimistic and harming to the character. The point of this paper is to assess bunch impact and its conseque nces for the person. The perception was done at Inland Behavior Health Center, which is an outpatient restoration focus in San Bernardino. The physical game plan or format of the room and setting was as per the following: seats were orchestrated around setting and the teacher was in the focal point of the gathering. The educator utilized handouts and a standing trifold banner. The creation of the gathering on terms of ages, sex, and ethnicity, this specific class was is given to pregnant ladies just, ages changing from 19 through 35, ethnicity bunches being: 40% Caucasian, 40% Hispanic, and 20 % African American. The reason, strategic, objective of this class is to find out about the tobacco wellbeing consequences for the pregnant ladies and unborn child, the mission is to act naturally dependent and not to rely upon tobacco during when stress is experienced. The objectives are to train them to pretty much all the wellbeing impacts that can occur because of smoking, to forestall unt imely birth and low birth weight. The span of the class term is an hour and a half. Every member needs to go to eight back to back weeks and be sans smoking for eight sequential weeks; in any case, the class has no closure date. On the off chance that any member backslides during program, they are sent back to week one beginning without any impetuses. The conversation structure of this class is that the teacher follows an educational program dependent on a week after week point that incorporates, recordings, gives gifts, and gathering conversation. A test was given toward the finish of meeting to test appreciation. The class structure and association is contrast, since the class is given at an outpatient recovery focus, the members were in a class when the teacher showed up at 10:45 am. The educator pulled all the pregnant ladies from the study hall. A portion of the pregnant ladies were at that point in the Comprehensive Tobacco Treatment program (CTT), which the teacher knew about it. The other pregnant ladies, who were not part of the CTT program, were substance manhandled screened and the individuals who screened positive for tobacco were taken on program. Toward the start of the class, a marking sheet w as passed to every single went to member. The educator has an envelope that incorporated a â€Å"communication form† in where she monitors each participant’s discontinuance status. In a gathering conversation, she starts by inquiring as to whether anybody might want to share a story to tell about her previous week smoking suspension experience. As of now, two members referenced how troublesome they found that week to remain without smoking and one expressed that realizing that on the off chance that they smoke one cigarette it would rise to thirteen packs to the child. The subsequent member referenced that realizing that she needed to give a pee test got her far from smoking. After the conversation was done, the educator progressed by presenting the subject of the week. The subject of this specific week was on â€Å"Secondhand Smoke.† During meeting, a present was dropped to all participants including myself and a video was demonstrated named â€Å"The Perils o f Secondhand Smoke.† A test was given toward the end. All participants were tried through a pee test to ensure they were sans nicotine and the individuals who accomplished meeting, were remunerated with newborn child diapers and xylitol gum as a motivating force. After nicotine test was done, the meeting finished up. The essential facilitator of this class was just a single female teacher, who was the program organizer. She has her bachelor’s certificate in Liberal Studies and at present took on a Human Resource Management program. The program has two educators who travel to different destinations through San Bernardino County. The subject or issues did the gathering individuals analyze during the gathering was essentially smoking during pregnancy. Different themes may incorporate child rearing and infant holding training. The distinctive data that the individuals traded in this class was the troubles looking through the suspension procedure that advances through pressure, money related issues, passionate encounters, and absence of help. The group’s standards, jobs, status chain of importance, or correspondence designs were that the members are low pay, low degree of training (not exactly secondary school certificate), and typically originate from a substance misuse setting. The correspondence designs outlined if this class was that members were included as a gathering and they were extremely open for conversation and sharing their encounters. The participants’ individuals share a feeling of personality with each other and the members had a similar enthusiasm of attempting to remain tobacco free, give a wellbeing living condition to their unborn infant and other youngsters living with them. In this class or gather ing there was no sign that individuals may be helpless against mindless conformity, in light of the fact that toward the start of the meeting, the educator request every individual battles through the discontinuance procedure and they all had their special narrating. Albeit a few reactions were comparable, they didn't appear affected by their partner’s reaction. As I would like to think, the gathering has a positive impact in each other’s practices on the grounds that the members share a similar foundation and they all appeared to see each other by giving gestures of recognition for their victories and advices on the best way to manage the desires and withdrawals of tobacco. Sadly, because of the foundation of the members, they were impacted by their living environmental factors and the main thing they knew is to go after medications, liquor, and tobacco. In this class, the members get familiar with the instruments important to adapt to pressure factors as opposed to c onnecting for a cigarette as an adapting device. A gathering impacts their selves from numerous points of view. While conveying and sharing some unequivocal standards, individuals from a similar gathering will in general carry on similarly. The gathering impacts their selves through either acquiescence or similarity. This impact has numerous impacts that are both positive and negative however for the most part negative. References Myers, D. G. (2010). Social Psychology (tenth ed.). New York, NY: McGraw Hill.

The detection of defective members of large populations Essay Example

The discovery of blemished individuals from enormous populaces Essay Example The discovery of blemished individuals from enormous populaces Essay The discovery of blemished individuals from enormous populaces Essay As of late your firm has made a progression of expensive blunders in its gathering life coverage citations. Your boss wishes to improve quality control. She has found a great article in the field: Dorfman, Robert (1943), The location of inadequate individuals from huge populaces, Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 14(3), pp. 436-440. Your boss has requested that you read this article, and afterward compose a survey of the article. She has indicated that the audit ought to be no longer than 1200 words. Prior to the flare-up of World War Two, in 1943 Harvard business analyst and numerical analyst Robert Dorfman composed an article that is fundamental and noteworthy in measurements. His article The Detection of Defective Members of Large Populations (TDDMLP), uncovers Dorfmans mind boggling thinking and now part of the Annals of Mathematical Statistics that is distributed by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics. Also, in the article he accentuates on the procedure accomplishing a productive technique for dispensing with every single deficient individual from particular sorts of enormous populaces. This thought follows near the significance of value control, which is imperative in a wide range of monetary foundations, from banks to insurance agencies. Related, Dorfman utilizes the similarity of talking about blood tests as one utilization of the quality control strategy. At last, TDDMLP can be used in demonstrating in a roundabout way that experiencing easy routes don't totally decrease quality, if and just if the explanatory hypothesis is upheld by it. With Dorfmans principle target to distinguish faulty individual individuals from an enormous masses in a more affordable and repetitive procedure, illuminates the peruser that testing of joined examples can be helpful in a practical manner. By probing an enormous scope populace, for example, the United States Public Health Service and Selective Service, Dorfman gathers the blood tests from the men inductees from the military, and behaviors explore different avenues regarding them to identify which men had a syphilitic antigen. In TDDMLP Dorfman recommends that under a factual and probabilistically approach of the disposal of damaged individuals can be limited by expanding the effectiveness of recognition. Consequently with his goal to pool the examples into gatherings will uncover the degree of sparing contrasted with singular testing. In this investigation, Dorfman experiences a methodological and reasonable procedure to exhibit his thought. He executes this by first pooling N blood tests into bunch pools with n individuals, as opposed to testing each blood test from the individual men. With the suspicion that the tests are led under adequately touchy and explicit standards, on the off chance that the gathering pools contain no syphilitic antigen, at that point the pool will test antagonistic, which this shows none of the individuals in that group are contaminated with syphilis. Then again, in the event that a syphilitic antigen is found in the pool, at that point in any event one of the individuals in that pool is influenced, so then every part in that pool will be retested independently to figure out which of them is tainted. Likewise this procedure will decide the most productive size of the pool bunches with the presumption that since the populace is enormous enough the discrete binomial dissemination can be applied. Besides his discoveries additionally uncover the measure of investment funds achievable by directing the examination with bunch pooling. In the article, Dorfman shows three significant discoveries, which are that as the pervasiveness rate increment, the relative testing cost from singular testing increments and both the quantity of individuals in each pool (n) and the measure of reserve funds decline. One of the key findings found from the examination is that the degree of reserve funds achievable will increment as the predominance rate decline. This can be numerically analyzed regarding Table 1 in the article, as it shows the relative testing costs for chosen commonness rates to singular testing. The table shows that as the pervasiveness rate increments among the individuals, the reserve funds that could be produced using pooling reduces; this is on the grounds that when there is a low degree of commonness pace of defectives, all things considered, another pool framed from the untested examples will end up being negative. So on the off chance that blood tests brings about being negative, at that point the test for that pool is done, in any case the test should run exclusively again until an inadequate is distinguished. By following this method until a negative pool is discovered, the measure of investment funds feasible would increment by normal 5. 5% with every additional percent decline in the commonness rate. Likewise Dorfman discoveries uncovers that the measure of investment funds achievable can be maximally done at 80% with commonness pace of 1%, and with an a lot higher predominance pace of 30%, there is just 1% of reserve funds, consequently the degree of reserve funds feasible will increment as the pervasiveness rate decline. Likewise, as Dorfman utilizes bunch testing rather than singular testing shows that the relative testing cost increments as the pervasiveness rate increments. Related, the measure of efficient advantage that can be assembled relies upon the gathering pool size and the pervasiveness rate. Dorfman shows the ideal size of the pool gatherings (I. e. measure of n) for various degrees of pervasiveness rates diagrammatically and numerically. From Figure 1 in the article, it shows the state of the relative expense for predominance rates extending from 1% to 15%. By taking a gander at the base purposes of the bends, the ideal gathering size for a populace with a realized commonness rate is the indispensable estimation of n, this has the least comparing an incentive on the relative cost bend for that predominance rate. Dorfman uncovered that the most extreme measure of individuals per bunch at the least predominance pace of 1% are 11 individuals, and with the most elevated pervasiveness pace of 30% with 3 individuals for each gathering. Obviously this demonstrates it is increasingly affordable to identify defectives by bunch pooling than to test independently. Despite the fact that TDDMLP uncovered incredible understanding into the productive strategy for wiping out every inadequate individual from particular kinds of enormous populaces, by thinking that its progressively prudent and time astute to aggregate pool as opposed to testing exclusively, anyway Dorfman neglects to consider any specialized disappointment or administrators mistake. With the conceivable level of contamination or flaw and taking the easy route of consolidates testing may result to off base discoveries. However Dorfman utilized a procedure that was in a sensible and rational request, along these lines there would be a low degree of probability of shortcomings. This can be identified with quality control of firms, in which improving quality control for firms is turning into an open door cost for raising income. Robert Dorfmans exceptional and remarkable article The Detection of Defective Members of Large Populations, is famous for its measurable discoveries on affordable advantages in bunch pooling contrasted with singular testing in recognizing defectives among an enormous populace. Dorfman utilizes the association between predominance paces of syphilis to the pool size and the degree of investment funds feasible. His outcomes show that as the pervasiveness rate increment, the relative testing cost from singular testing increments and the quantity of individuals in each pool (n) and the measure of investment funds decline. Subsequently the relative expense and the measure of investment funds attainable have a roundabout relationship. This shows quality control can now and again be knowing the past, when costs need to be diminished. List of sources 1. Dorfman, Robert (1943), The Detection of Defective Members of Large Populations, Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 14(3), pp. 436-440. 2. Sterrett, Andrew. (1957), On the Detection of Defective Members of Large Populations, Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 28, pp. 1033 3. Theobald, C. , and A. Davie, (February 9, 2007), Group Testing, the Pooled Hypergeometric Distribution and Estimating Numbers of Defectives in Small Populations, pp 2-4

Binomials in English - Definition and Examples

Binomials in English s Definition In language contemplates, a couple of words (for instance, noisy and clear) customarily connected by a combination (normally as well as) a relational word. Additionally called a binomial pair. At the point when the word request is fixed, the binomial is supposed to be irreversible. (See Examples and Observations beneath.) A comparative development including three things or descriptive words (chime, book, and light; quiet, cool, and gathered) is known as a trinomial. Likewise, see: ChunkCollocationDoubletsIdiomReduplicative Historical underpinnings From the Latin, two names Models and Observations Instances of binomials in English incorporate a throbbing painfulness, win big or bust, to and fro, beck and call, greater and better, a tiny bit at a time, beat up, highly contrasting, violence, bread and butter, air pocket and squeak, stop this instant, balanced governance, shroud and blade, cops and burglars, corned meat and cabbage, straightforward, in any condition, demise and devastation, dollar for dollar, dos and donts, no nonsense, reckless, fire and brimstone, fish sticks and french fries, fragile living creature and bones, merchandise and ventures, ham and eggs, hand to mouth, hands and knees, heads or tails, hearts and blossoms, falter, stranded, high and low, self important, spat and puff, much love, kiss and make up, blade and fork, a wide margin, life and passing, gradually, long and short, lost and discovered, noisy and clear, represent the moment of truth, milk and nectar, needle and string, piecemeal, nip and fold, presently or never, invalid and void, stray pieces, old and dark, coordinated, open and shut, a vital part, harmony and calm, tingling sensation, pots and dish, clothes to newfound wealth, rise and fall, get going, crude but effective, free from any danger, holy people and miscreants, short however sweet, sharing time, next to each other, slip and slide, cleanser and water, routine, at some point or another, sparkling clean, sticks and stones, peculiar yet evident, sugar and zest, good and bad, over and over, blow for blow, like the devil, thrash around, good and bad times, low maintenance, and win or lose. Reversible and Irreversible Binomials In the regular paper title text Cold and snow hold the country it is legitimate to set off the portion cold and snow as a binomial, in the event that one concurs so to mark the arrangement of two words relating to a similar structure class, put on an indistinguishable degree of syntactic chain of command, and conventionally associated by a lexical connection. There is not much or conventional about this specific binomial: Speakers are at freedom to upset the progression of its individuals (day off cold . . .) and may without any potential repercussions supplant either day off cold by some semantically related word (say, wind or ice). Notwithstanding, in a binomial, for example, miscellaneous items the circumstance is extraordinary: The progression of its constituents has solidified to such a degree, that a reversal of the two kernels*ends and oddswould be scarcely justifiable to audience members got unsuspecting. Miscellaneous items, at that point, speaks to the uncommon instance of an irreversible binomial.(Yakov Malkiel, Studies in Irreversible Binomials. Papers on Linguistic Themes. College of California Press, 1968) Equal and Echoic Binomials The third most successive binomial in the DoD [Department of Defense] corpus is companions and partners, with 67 occurrences. In contrast to most of binomials, it is reversible: partners and companions additionally happens, with 47 occurrences.Both partners and companions allude to nations which accord with US strategies; accordingly, the two directions of the binomial may slant us to sort the binomial as equivalent (Gustafsson, 1975). Logically, companions and partners may have an increasing capacity, like echoic binomials (where WORD1 is indistinguishable from WORD2, for example, to an ever increasing extent and more grounded and stronger.(Andrea Mayr, Language and Power: An Introduction to Institutional Discourse. Continuum, 2008)

No Topic Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

No Topic - Assignment Example The organization is putting forth a valiant effort to improve the foundation, however needs more data about its clients. The data about clients and their needs is important to increase new clients. The information ought to be assembled and appropriately dissected to become more acquainted with whom to concentrate on. The organization won't make any IT developments, however they despite everything need to utilize data innovations. IT are utilized by the contenders and it is fundamental to utilize them to maintain the upper hand. The plausible procedure to draw in new clients is broadly examined by the Carnival’s supervisors. One of the most significant things is to make the clients steadfast. The one potential path is to utilize customers’ relationship the board. CRM system has been as of now applied however because of the fairly dismissing mentality towards data advances, the methodology was not applied effectively. CRM procedure can assist Carnival with pulling in new clients and accumulate significant information about them

Questions to Ask Yourself After a Preliminary Diagnosis

Questions to Ask Yourself After a Preliminary Diagnosis Phobias Symptoms and Diagnosis Print 5 Questions to Ask Yourself After an Initial Diagnosis How an Initial Diagnosis Isnt Always Correct By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 27, 2020 Blend Images - Ned Frisk / Brand X Pictures / Getty Images More in Phobias Symptoms and Diagnosis Causes Treatment Types While not an official clinical term, the phrase “initial diagnosis” or preliminary diagnosis, is sometimes used informally to refer to the diagnosis that a client receives after an intake interview. Psychological disorders can be complex and difficult to accurately diagnose, but many insurance companies require an immediate diagnosis to pay for treatment. However, after receiving an initial  diagnosis from a physician, its important to verify that you, in fact, are suffering from this condition. The initial diagnosis is often correct, but many therapists caution their clients that the diagnosis may change after further sessions. There are many cases of misdiagnosis, especially in the mental health field where one disorder or phobia can have very similar symptoms and causes. A very basic example of misdiagnosis  would be a doctor saying you have the flu, when in fact, you only have a viral infection. 5 Questions to Ask Yourself For this reason, you want to take the proper steps toward treating your condition. Here are a few questions to ask yourself: Do I want to get a second opinion? If you are being  diagnosed with a serious medical or psychological disorder its important to seek a second opinion, as some  diagnosis can be subjective.Do I need a specialist? Make sure the doctor who is providing the diagnosis is qualified to do so. In the case of psychological disorders, this diagnosis is best provided by a mental health professional.Do I need to submit this diagnosis to my insurance company? Your initial diagnosis may be important to your insurance company, but may not always be correct. If your insurance policy allows, it may be wise to wait for a final diagnosis before submitting it to your insurance company.Am I covered for further testing and treatment? Even before you submit the diagnosis to your insurance company you may want to speak to a human resource professional at your company to determine what is and isnt covered under your plan, and whether you need authorizations or special approvals going forward.Do I have any r eason to believe Ive been misdiagnosed? There are countless cases of misdiagnosis for a variety of reasons. This is why seeking a second opinion is important.

IEW Writing Tools Lite App for Kindle Fire [Install Instructions]

Our new smartphone app can be installed on a Kindle Fire or Kindle Fire HD! Follow these steps to enable installation from unknown sources on your device, and then to install the app: Open Settings (swipe down from status bar and tap More) Tap the Device option Turn on Allow Installation of Applications from unknown sources. After the app is installed, you can turn this back off if you like. Tap OK to dismiss the alert that appears. Now, simply visit this page (IEW.com/mobile-app-kindle-fire) on your device and click the Download Now button below. Go to your Kindle Fire downloads (tap the menu icon [three lines], then Downloads) and tap WritingToolsLite.apk. The app will automatically install. If the file is not in the Downloads folder, go back to  IEW.com/mobile-app-kindle-fire  and instead of clicking on the  Download Now  button, press on it and hold down until a menu appears. Select Download Link. The file will now download properly. Return to the Download folder and Step 6. Contact us at MobileSupport@IEW.com if you have any questions or problems. Also available on other devices here.

The Main Purpose Of This Research Paper Is To Provide...

The main purpose of this research paper is to provide information on how drugs affect the brain and body of a person. Reports of drug related crimes are common in the media mainly on news reports. The main concern tends to be towards Methamphetamine, which gets the most media attention. One of the most abused drugs in the Philippines is a local type of methamphetamine mixed with caffeine known as Shabu. This is a powerfully addictive drug that can cause people to have intense hallucinations and become extremely paranoid. This stimulant is believed to be the drug of choice for 90% of the Philippines illegal substance users. Methamphetamine causes feelings of euphoria and the user feels full of energy. Some users of this drug have even†¦show more content†¦As use of methamphetamine spread, so did their abuse. Methamphetamine became a cure-all for such things as weight control to treating mild depression. In the 1960s, the route and degree of abuse changed dramatically with the increased availability of injectable methamphetamine. In the 1980s, the smokable form of methamphetamine, ice, became available. Like crack cocaine, it is smoked in glass pipes, emitting no odor, with effects lasting for 12 hours or more. Shabu, a powerfully addictive meth stimulant, easily accessible and affordable, is the drug of choice of over 90% of Filipino drug users. A single pingi or 0.1 gm costs P100. One mongo-sized gram costs P1,000 – 2,000. Street meth is never pure, cut with a miscellany of substances, including talc or heroin. The National Drug Law Enforcement and Prevention Center gives a conservative estimate of at least 250,000 drug abusers, possibly over half a million. Another conservative estimate puts the number of addicts at one million. A question regarding how Methamphetamine is used will be discussed as well as the effects – short term and long term. Methamphetamine stimulates release of excessive amounts of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Dopamine is produced in the nerve cells of the ventral tegmental area and is concerned with pleasure regulation in the brain. Upon entering the nerve cell, meth stimulates release of dopamine which then bindsShow MoreRelatedHow To Write A Good Research Paper1057 Words   |  5 PagesA Research Paper is a type of academic writing that needs more theoretical, significant and methodical level of question. Although a research paper is a kind of term paper, some term papers don’t require academic research. Not all research papers can be considered as term papers. An objective of writing a research paper is to allow people to read the work selectively. 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A topic page must be included, followed by the research paper itself, and the sources must be included at the end in a

Childhood and Anger - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1691 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/03/13 Category Sociology Essay Level High school Tags: Childhood Essay Did you like this example? If one witnesses or went through negative unstable events as a child, like violence, emotional and/ or physical neglect, lived in a traumatizing environment, they are likely to still show signs of that as an adult. As many may know, ones childhood and development become very crucial to the rest of their life. Children make meaning out of the events they witness and the things that happen to them and through this they go on to make their own perception of the world. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Childhood and Anger" essay for you Create order Some factors of ones childhood may follow them as they grow older and result in them developing major anger issues. Having anger issues can affect and take a toll on ones everyday life in various aspects and many often may not know the reasons behind their anger or even why they have it. In most recent studies like the one with Galambos, Johnson, Krahn (2018), researchers analyzed and compared in three different models of the events that happen with expressed anger and depressive symptoms. There were four hypothesis that were kept in mind as it was being conducted. The first one hypothesized that those with higher expressed anger will show higher levels of depressive symptoms. The second assumed that the changes that all individuals have in expressed anger and depressive symptoms will vary together positively. The third hypothesis was that the relations between expressed anger and depressive symptoms will be observed in two different directions. Lastly it was hypothesized that the social support one has will mediate the anger-depression relation so the more expressed anger will reduce social support, and on the other hand social support will anticipate increased depressive symptoms. This study consisted of a longitudinal-quantitative study. There were six different levels of the data collected from the time the participants were seniors and twenty-five years after. They were analyzed to compare the three models of the different occurrences between expressed anger and depressive symptoms and between-persons differences only model. In the Rueth Wild (2017) study they mediated the relation between parenting and psychosocial adjustment of the adolescents. In this study it was important to analyze the influences of parental control and independent support of the adolescents problem and social behavior. In addition to this it was important to analyze the mediating role of adolescents anger regulation and the effect to moderate the anger. Here they did and collected data from a three-year longitudinal questionnaire from parents and their children. When the adolescents were given the questionnaire to fill out the questions were on paper and were also read out loud for prevention of reading difficulty. Then they were given another questionnaire to give to their parents to fill out. After everything was collected and analyzed it presented the mediating role of adolescents level of adaptive anger regulation and bad adaptive anger regulation. In addition, it showed that parent support benefits the ability to regulate and socially adjust. Where on the other hand the opposite effects were shown in psychological control. In the category of gender, the only differences were found in the report of the parents data not the adolescents. In another article Maldonado, Walkins, and DiLillo (2015) the researchers examined three risk factors for intimate partner aggression, with trait anger and childhood abuse history and alcohol consumption. It was hypothesized a positive three-way interaction in which increased trait anger and childhood physical abuse would predict IPA most strongly when alcohol consumption was high but that this interaction would be weaker when alcohol consumption was low. In addition, in order to demonstrate the pattern in the three-way interaction, it was hypothesized simple effects for trait anger. They predicted simple effects in which trait anger would be related to IPA at higher levels of alcohol consumption and higher levels of childhood physical abuse history, but weakly related when alcohol consumption and childhood physical abuse history are lower. This study was a quantitative study where the participants were 236 male and female college students in a committed heterosexual dating relationship who completed a battery of self-report measures assessing childhood physical abuse, trait anger, alcohol consumption, and IPA. The results showed a significant three-way interaction showing that as alcohol consumption increased, the interaction of the trait anger and childhood physical abuse, became increasingly more positive. Individuals who had high levels of childhood physical abuse and alcohol consumption were at greater risk of IPA when trait anger was high. These findings show that trait anger and a history of childhood physical abuse may increase tendencies to aggress again st ones partner, where alcohol consumption may reduce individuals abilities to manage these aggressive tendencies. An article about anger in the trajectory of healing from childhood maltreatment, Thomas, Bannister, and Hall (2012), involved a study that examined anger is six different girls that experienced abuse during childhood. The six cases were purposefully selected because their interviews contained rich descriptions of anger experiences. The data was collected through both a qualitative and quantitative study through interviews. The researchers found that their experiences all depicted five types of anger. Anger ranged from nonproductive, self-castigating behavior to empowering, righteous anger that enabled women to protect themselves from further abuse and to advocate for abused children. This proposed study is important to get an understanding of the connections between the childhood trauma one experiences and the effects it has on ones anger. It is hypothesized that the experiences that one is exposed to as a child is the underlying factor of the anger issues they possess as an adult that effects their daily life and relationship with the people around them. Participants Information about the study was sent to colleges and universities of the Chicagoland area to recruit those students who were interested. The 800 students who responded to the flyer were required to be between the ages 18-29 and obviously had to be from a college or university in Chicago. From the 800, only 500 were randomly selected to be part of the actual study. The participants represented a mix of races/ethnicities that included Hispanics, African Americans, Caucasians, Asians, etc., and there was also an equal spread of males and females. Half of the participants (N=250) will represent low to normal scores of childhood trauma, while the other half (N=250) will represent high scores of childhood trauma. Materials Information sheet will be created containing a brief overview of the study and sent out to recruit participants. The setting of the study will be in a classroom at North Park University. Laptops will be provided so participants can use to complete several surveys/ questionnaires. The 2 surveys/ questionnaires will be accessed on surveymonkey.com. Once all the results are collected, a statistics software called SPSS will be used to find the correlation between childhood trauma and anger issues. Procedure To begin to recruit participants there will be information provided to draw in volunteers. On the sheet the importance about childhood experiences and how they can cause anger issues in the future will be stated. It will also list the requirements that the participants have to meet to be part of the study. Volunteers will be asked to attend two survey sessions. One will consist of the process of identifying the different experiences of the participants. They will be presented with 10 questions that asks them about their childhood before the age of 18, whether they had a lot of childhood trauma experiences or normal/low childhood trauma. After taking the first survey, participants will come back after one day. The day in between the two surveys will be spent looking at the results and separating the participants into the two groups depending on where they fall. The second session of the study will consist of a survey that identifies the level of anger one has. After collecting all thi s data, the SPSS statistics program will be used to enter the data of the scores about their experiences and anger to see if there is a correlation between the two. Coding and Measures The childhood trauma questionnaire will consist of 20 questions that represent different types of childhood trauma measured in the survey. They will have to rate each of the questions on a Likert scale of 1-7 (1= not at all traumatic, 7 = extremely traumatic). If their answers were higher than 49 they experienced moderate to severe childhood trauma and if it was less than 49 it meant they werent as traumatic. One part will relate to themselves such as: physical abuse by being pushed, slapped, strangled, restrained, and things thrown at; verbal abuse by being name-called, criticized, belittled, blamed, and manipulated; sexual abuse by making threats or taking advantage of without consent; physical neglect by not being provided with enough food, clothing, and shelter; lastly emotional neglect by failure to be provided with enough affection or support. The other part will be related to other family members: a parent whos an alcoholic, a mother whos a victim of domestic violence, a family member in jail, a family member diagnosed with a mental illness, and the disappearance of a parent through divorce, death or abandonment. They will have to rate each of the questions on a Likert scale of 1-7 (1= not at all traumatic, 7 = extremely traumatic). If their answers are greater than 70 they experienced high levels of childhood trauma and if they are less than 70, they experienced normal/ low levels . The survey that measures and asks about their anger will have a Likert scale of 1-5 and have a total of 20 questions. The answers they give will be added up and the total will be grouped in 20 points. If the scored 80-100- their anger expression is likely to get the, into serious trouble with other. It would be recommended that they seek professional help; 60-80- they may not need professional help but need to work on controlling anger in a very cautious manner; 50-60- they have plenty of room for improvement. Reading up on anger control could be beneficial; 30-50- theyre probably getting angry as often as most people. They can monitor episodes of temper and see if you can lower their score on this test; and below 30- would mean that they are in good standing and dont have to worry much about their anger.

African Americ A Transformation For Blacks - 1390 Words

During the years of 1860-1877 sacred improvements brought about a transformation for blacks. The south was irritated at the Blacks since they had picked up their opportunity against the will of numerous southern white men. African American had their opportunity again at the same time, they needed to battle to pick up suffrage and social liberties. December 1865 imprints the most critical crossroads in history for all African American in the United States of America. Black people was free once more. They were free from bondage be that as it may, the excursion to discover their character and to get themselves were restricted. After subjugation African American were upbeat to be free in any case, they were all the while attempting to discover approaches to approaches to enhance their lives and to make life less demanding for their kids. Most African American still worked for the whites, the vast majority of them were poor and under educated. African American attempted in each and every approach to regard white southerner with the expectation that they would receive the same appreciation consequently and be dealt with similarly yet, history had taught us that African American needed to battle for all that they needed, have and seek. The African American have had a great deal of extraordinary leader who help fought for equality. Every generation and era in the mid 1910 to 1960 got change its own rights. Every leader fought for equality with enthusiasm, passion, love and dignityShow MoreRelated African Minkisi and American Culture Essay6248 Words   |  25 PagesAfrican Minkisi and American Culture I. Introduction nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;African Minkisi have been used for hundreds of years in West Central Africa, This area where they are traditionally from was once known as the kingdom of Kongo, when Europeans started settling and trading with the BaKongo people. Kongo was a well-known state throughout much of the world by the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The BaKongo, however, had probably long used minkisi before ethnographers and anthropologists

Analysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World - 2445 Words

Foundations for a Future Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World criticizes a society in which sex is a commodity, self-determination in non-existent, and happiness derives from consumerism. Huxley writes the novel as a warning to both contemporary and future generations of the dangers of progress built upon the wrong foundations. The novel is a portrayal of Huxley’s own society in which talkies, the radio and premarital sex, were on the rise and like many others of his time he believed that morals were quickly disappearing. It is important to note that Aldous Huxley was a supporter of eugenics, genetic engineering, and science in general; he was not against creating a perfect world, but rather creating the wrong one in the process. The Utopia that Brave New World represents is one in which women are pieces of meat, where no one not even the world controlled can ever escape from the clutches of his conditioning, and where having more is always best. Not only does Aldous Huxley portray the outcome of his own society’s actions, he paints a clear picture of how it will end, as seen in Brave New World once a man-made institution surpasses its creators, humanity will be swallowed up and forgotten. There is no ending for Huxley’s Utopia because the characters of Brave New World are slaves to their own creations without any hope of ever breaking free. The novel is not just a cautionary tale but also a premonition for a future Huxley believes his society has already set sail on.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World Essay986 Words   |  4 PagesMatlen EWRC Period: 1 December 7, 2016 Class Struggle In his text Brave New World Aldous Huxley imagines a society genetically engineered and socially conditioned to be a fully functioning society where everyone appears to be truly happy. 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Although the citizens in Brave New World are genetically engineered to be perfect individuals and are on soma constantly to keep them happy and efficient, they lack individuality.. Brave New World is a novel that clearly demonstrates that trying to create a perfect society can result inRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s A Brave New World1708 Words   |  7 Pagessocieties, specifically those of the fictional variety we apply our mashed set of ideals based on truth and happiness on each of these different societies . In Aldous Huxley’s A Brave New World, by conventional societies ideas the citizens of the world state know nothing of traditional reality and by the standards of the traditional world are far from a state of contentment, but if examined by the ideals of the society in question the overall appearance is quite different. the population seems happyRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World1591 Words   |  7 Pagesinsignificant in terms of an independent person, and because of this, people have to actively find ways to keep ourselves occupied. Aldous Huxley was born July 26, 1984. His father was a scientist that helped to develop the theory of evolution. Science was obviously a large part of his life and was most likely a key source of inspiration for his book. In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, Individualism is a rarity and society is structured to serve a higher class of people. 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Barrier Computer Free Essays

Computer hardware is no longer a major barrier to wide use of wireless information systems. This is due to the number of different systems available to connect on. I will be discussing 3 of these, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and 3G. We will write a custom essay sample on Barrier Computer or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) standard is based on the 802. 11 specification and is currently the most common standard for wireless home and small-office networking. Wi-Fi is ideal for small-business and home wireless networks with an indoor range of about 150 feet and an outdoor range of about 300 feet. In a simple network, the network signal is brought into the home/office via a modem, and a router/access point distributes the signal. There are four common versions of 802. 11, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. 802. 11n The 802. 11n specification is the most recent development in the area of Wi-Fi. 802. 11n builds on previous 802. 11 standards by adding multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and 40 MHz channels to the physical (PHY) layer, and frame aggregation to the MAC layer. MIMO is a technology which uses multiple antennas to coherently resolve more information than possible using a single antenna. Two important benefits it provides to 802. 11n are antenna diversity and spatial multiplexing. 802. 11g The 802. 11g specification is the most recent of the Wi-Fi specs to be approved and is currently the most commonly implemented Wi-Fi standard. Like 802. 11n and 802. 11b, 802. 11g operates in the 2. 4GHz spectrum, but without the MIMO advantage of 802. 11n, 802. 11g is highly subject to interference from other electronic devices that operate in the same spectrum, such as cordless phones and baby monitors. 802. 11b As the first popular Wi-Fi technology, the 802. 11b specification offers slower data speeds than 802. 11n, 802. 11g, or 802. 11a, with a theoretical throughput of 11Mbps and real-world performance of about 5Mbps. Otherwise, its specs mirror those of 802. 11g. 802. 11b has an indoor range of about 150 feet, and it operates in the 2. 4GHz band, making it highly susceptible to interference from other devices. On the positive side, 802. 11b products are very inexpensive, if you can find them. 802. 11a An oddity of the Wi-Fi specs is 802. 11a–it’s less common but does have certain advantages over 802. 11g. 802. 11a operates in the 5GHz frequency, which means it’s less susceptible to interference from cordless phones and microwave ovens. 802. 11a also boasts speeds similar to 802. 11g, though because 802. 11g and 802. 11a use different frequencies, they can’t talk directly to one another. If you’re using an 802. 11a adapter on a notebook, you won’t be able to connect to most Wi-Fi hot spots. 802. 11a also lacks the range of the other Wi-Fi flavors, spanning only about 100 feet. Finally, the 5GHz radio inside 802. 11a products will drain power faster than a 2. 4GHz radio . Next is Bluetooth, a low-power radio signal specification that allows devices to communicate and exchange information on a smaller scale than Wi-Fi using a personal-area network. Bluetooth’s practical throughput is roughly 500Kbps, and its range is no more than 30 feet, making Bluetooth ideal for simple exchanges of information between devices. Bluetooth is also easier to use than Wi-Fi. Bluetooth devices that come within range of each other can communicate automatically with little or no setup. Common applications for Bluetooth include wireless keyboards and mice for notebook and desktop PCs, communication and file transfers between PCs and PDAs; wireless printing to a Bluetooth printer; and wireless headsets for cell phones. Newer applications include Bluetooth-enabled cars that communicate with Bluetooth-enabled phones, allowing for true hands-free phone operation in the car. However, Bluetooth operates on the 2. 4GHz band, subject to the same interference issues as 802. 11 network devices. 3G is an broad term that refers to third-generation wireless networks that deliver broadband speeds to cell phones and other mobile devices. With speeds between 144Kbps and 2. , you can download files, surf the Web, send and receive e-mail, or stream music and video over the cellular networks. With a cellular modem or a 3G phone, you don’t have to find discrete hot spots; an entire metropolitan area with a 3G network is essentially a giant hot spot of sorts. There are several types of 3G to choose from. The two main versions of 3G are UMTS and EVDO. Speeds for each are comparable, though EVDO is more widely available. Currently, Verizon Wireless is the main provider of EVDO networks, with coverage in about 50 cities and metropolitan areas. UMTS is available through Cingular/ATT Wireless, though only in very limited areas. Cingular/ATT also provides EDGE networks, which are technically 2. 5G cellular technology. EDGE is slower than both UMTS and EVDO, transmitting data at rates of about 90Kbps. On the plus side, EDGE networks are more widely available than UMTS, and in fact, Cingular encourages using EDGE networks when outside of their geographically limited UMTS coverage areas . The next generation of wireless system is, WiBro (Wireless Broadband) is a wireless broadband Internet technology developed by the South Korean telecoms industry. WiBro is the South Korean service name for IEEE 802. 16e international standard. WiBro adopts TDD for duplexing, OFDMA for multiple access and 8. 75 MHz as a channel bandwidth. WiBro was devised to overcome the data rate limitation of mobile phones and to add mobility to broadband Internet access In February 2002, the Korean government allocated 100 MHz of electromagnetic spectrum in the 2. 3 – 2. 4 GHz band, and in late 2004 WiBro Phase 1 was standardized by the TTA of Korea and in late 2005 ITU reflected WiBro as IEEE 802. 16e. Two South Korean Telecoms (KT, SKT) launched commercial service in June 2006 . In the course of just a few short years, wireless technologies have changed the way we connect computers, phones, PDAs, and other devices both to each other and to the Internet. Today, Wi-Fi is the most popular wireless local-area networking technology and is now a common feature of many laptops, PDAs, and even cameras. Bluetooth has opened the door to low cost wireless personal-area networks (WPAN). Designed primarily as a cable replacement technology, WPAN systems help you connect with low power requirements at short ranges. WWANs, or wireless wide-area networks, are designed to deliver high bandwidth across large areas. WWANs are already beginning to offer wireless alternatives to cable Internet access and DSL. As a result, these technologies and upcoming technologies have led to hardware no longer being a barrier to the wide use of wireless technologies. How to cite Barrier Computer, Papers

Resources of Agency and Competition Law †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Resources of Agency and Competition Law. Answer: Introduction The case was related to ANZs wish that Mortgage refunds agree to limit the refund amount for the customers in respect of arranging ANZ home loans. Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited is providing the mortgage loans to customers through internet and external channels. Mortgage refunds are an independent firm which is engaged in the distribution of mortgages of ANZ. Mortgage refunds are offering refund to customers from some part of its commission if its mortgages are approved by ANZ (MacCallum, 2016). The ACCCs claim was that ANZ is providing loan arrangement facilities to its customers internally. ACCC had fought two cases of fixing of prices. One was against Fight centre and other was against ANZ. In the case related to Fight centre, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission alleged that Fight centre entered into contract with three airlines to maintain the prices for air travel. This report describes in detail the facts of the case, the duties breached by ANZ, the decision of Full Federal court and the reasons behind the decision. ACCCs main aim is to avoid anti-competition agreements. As per ACCCs allegation, ANZ was indulging in the price fixing. ACCC alleged that Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited made an agreement that it is going to only allow Mortgage Refunds to offer Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited mortgage products if the Mortgage refunds agreed on the terms and conditions of Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited. The terms and conditions include that Mortgage refunds was required to limit the amount of refund to its customers to $600 for the arrangement of loan services and it will allow Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited branches to match the deal if they chose to waive the Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limiteds loan establishment fee (Adams, 2016). As per ACCC, Mortgage refunds and Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited were competitors in the market for the provision of services related to loan provisions. Full Federal Courts decision The courts decision was in favour of Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited .The Full court of the Federal court of Australia dismissed the price fixing appeal made by the Australian competitive and consumer commission. The Full court dismissed Australian Competitive and Consumer commissions allegation against the Australian and New Zealand Banking Group Limited for breaching the provisions of price fixing under Competition and Consumer act, 2010 (ACL, 2015). The court has given the decision that ANZ did not complete with Mortgage refunds and other independent mortgage brokers. The full court also observed that The competition can be possible for the internal and external distribution channels. The court also ordered that ACCCs priority is to avoid anti-competitive practices and agreements because impeding competition damages the businesses and consumers and this is harmful for the entire economy. The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission appealed against the decisi on given by the Federal court. As per the investigation of Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, ANZ breached the duty of care, improper use of information and the duty to act with diligence under the corporation law by fixing the prices. So, ANZ breached two laws, one was corporation law and the other was Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Journals talk, 2016). ACCC was successful in its appeal against fight centre but was unsuccessful in the appeal against ANZ. The ACCC alleged that ANZ is liable for fixing of prices under section 45 of Trade Practices act, 1974 now it is Competition and Consumer act, 2010. The court held that price fixing applied to contracts between competitors. The ANZ and Mortgage refunds were not competitors so there were zero chances of price fixing between them. The court also stated that section 45A was not applicable on this case. Because this section says competition may occur between two parties with relevant arrangements. Section 45A applies when two parties are having relevant arrangements with two profit centres and there will be two separate entities of both the parties. These conditions are not satisfied in this case (Yuile, 2017). So, ANZ is not liable under section 45A. The decision of the court was clear after Justice Dowsetts says that between the loan arrangement services of ANZ and Mortgage refunds, there was no competitive overlap. Reaction of ACCC against the judgement ACCC was not satisfied with the judgement given by the full federal court. ACCC reacted against the judgement given by the full federal court. According to ACCC, there was no issue with healthy competition because healthy competition brings prices down, results in innovation and better quality services to the customers. This type of competition leads to various types of advantages to customers. But the competition that was in this case results in factors that harm the interests of consumers. According to ACCC, in this case, both Mortgage refunds and ANZ were dealing in loan services. So, it was the proof for the fixing of prices. The major reason behind federal courts decision in favour of ANZ was the lack of evidence with ACCC (Akman and Sokol, 2017). ANZ did not show any evidence in its defence because ANZ was aware about the fact that the case was not strong from the side of ACCC because ACCC was putting allegation without evidence. As per the rules and regulations of court, a cas e without evidence was considered as irrelevant. It was impossible for ACCC to prove that ANZ breached the duties under Competition and Consumer act, 2010. ACCC argued that the fixing of prices between Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited and Mortgage refunds took place because ANZ and Mortgage refunds are competitors in the market for providing loan arrangement services (Varney, 2016). But the court found that Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited and Mortgage refunds were not the competitors for the loan arrangement services provisions in the market. So, Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited was not held liable for any price fixing agreement. ACCC alleged that Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited was competing with other brokers in the market. The court again dismissed this allegation of ACCC by stating that ANZ was not involved in the marketing of any loan services against the brokers. The court found Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited innocent in both the allegations made by Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. So, these were the reasons behind the court decision favo uring Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited (McHugh and Foster, 2016). The case against Fight centre was also related to fixing of prices. The Federal court decided against the Fight centre because according to the full federal court, the fight centre was in competition with other airlines for booking services. So, there were chances that Fight centre was engaged in price fixing. The reason behind the judgement of full federal court against ACCC in this case was that the court found that ANZ was not in competition with the Mortgage refunds. So, without having competition in the market, the chances of fixing of price do not arise. The reason behind the positive outcome of Fight centre case was that ACCC was confident about the success because of proper evidences at that time (Oliver and Schoff, 2017). In Fight centre case, ACCC was hoping courts judgement in its favour but in this case, ACCC was doubtful about the favourable decision of the court. Duties breached by ANZ This is the case of price fixing. In price fixing, the competitors agree on a same price rather than competing with each other. The duties breached by Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited include duty not to use the information in improper manner, duty related to good faith and duty of care. The reason behind the establishment of Australian Competition and Consumer Commission is to give protection to the interests of consumers (Le Roy, et al., 2017). In this case, Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited breached three duties which affect the consumers at the end. The first duty breached because of fixing of prices is duty not to use information in improper manner, Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited used the market information for illegal purpose and fixed the prices by properly understanding the consumer preferences. The second breached duty is duty related to good faith. Every industry which is operating in the market is expected to conduct its busine ss with proper rules and regulation, honesty and without harming the interests of consumers. Price fixing is against of all these principles. The last duty that was breached by Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited is duty of care. Customers are the main motive of every business (Stellios and Richman, 2016). Customers should be attracted with duty of care. This duty is attached with the business from the day of set-up of the business. Every organization is required to handle the customers with care. By fixing of prices, ANZ breached this duty because fixing of prices ultimately results in the loss to customers. Impact of courts decision on the operating of companies in Australia Price fixing by one company affects the consumers and other companies operating in the same market. For example: if consumer goods are transported by freight and if there is fixing of price of freight then it results in affecting the whole chain of supply and increases the prices of goods. In this way price fixing affects the market and the companies operating in the market as a whole. Price fixing is illegal under the Competition and Consumer act, 2010 in Australia (Petrucci, 2017). This decision impacted the other companies operating in the same industry because this competition was not a healthy competition. It is an impending competition that resulted from anti-competitive practices between Mortgage refunds and ANZ. Conclusion According to the report, the ACCC vs ANZ case is related to price fixing. Price fixing is an illegal activity as per the corporation law and Competition and consumer act, 2010. The decision in this case was against Australian Competition and Consumer Commission and in favour of ANZ. ACCC is unsuccessful in its allegation because there is no evidence for such price fixing with Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. This was the major factor behind the failure of Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission were unable to prove that Mortgage refunds and ANZ were the competitors for loan arrangement services. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission fought two cases of price fixing against Fight centre and ANZ. ACCC succeed in its case against Fight centre because at that time, the court had sufficient proof that Fight centre and other airlines services were competitors in the market. One thing that needs to be focused in this case is that careful consideration should be given to evidence. References ACL (2015) ACCC v ANZ Ltd. [Online]. Available at: https://www.australiancompetitionlaw.org/cases/2013anz.html (Assessed: 22 September, 2017). Adams, M.A. (2016) Contemporary case studies in corporate governance failures, Governance Directions, 68(6), p.335. Akman, P. and Sokol, D.D. (2017) Online RPM and MFN Under Antitrust Law and Economics, Review of Industrial Organization, 50(2), pp.133-151. Journals talk (2016) Australian Journal of Competition and Consumer Law update. [Online]. Available at: https://sites.thomsonreuters.com.au/journals/2016/03/20/australian-journal-of-competition-and-consumer-law-update-march-2016-2/ (Assessed: 22 September, 2017). Le Roy, F., Sentis, P. and Jerson, A. (2017) The Impact of Conviction for Anti?Competitive Practices on Firm Valuation: A Contingency Approach, Managerial and Decision Economics, 38(4), pp.534-546. MacCallum, W. (2016) Accessorial liability of board members, Governance Directions, 68(3), pp.164. McHugh, N. and Foster, C. (2016) Collaborations among competitors in energy and resources projects-a competition law primer, Australian Resources and Energy Law Journal, 35(1), p.20. Oliver, J. and Schoff, P. (2017) Agency and Competition Law in Australia Following ACCC vs Flight Centre Travel Group, Journal of European Competition Law Practice, 8(5), pp.321-328. Petrucci, C. (2017) Subsidiarity in Directive 2014/104 EU on damages actions for breach of EU competition law, European Public Law, 23(2), pp.395-421. Stellios, K. and Richman, A. (2016) Competition law: Extending the reach of Australia's cartel laws, Governance Directions, 68(8), pp.494. Varney, C. (2016) The Cartels and Leniency Review. Law Business Research Limited. Yuile, A. (2017) Case notes: High court judgments, Ethos: Official Publication of the Law Society of the Australian Capital Territory, (243), pp.52.

Australian and Ireland Health Care System

Question: Discuss about the Australian and Ireland Health Care System. Answer: Introduction Health care is one of the basic and central factors of consideration of any state. The 21st century is being affected directly or indirectly by a lot of deadly diseases such as cancer, heart related complications, kidney failure and HIV and AIDS pandemic. It is therefore, the responsibility of government and the United Nations to help in safeguarding the health of the corresponding nations. In this piece of work, the paper will focus on the Australian and Ireland health care system. A comparison of the two healthcare systems will be analyzed critically. Australia is located in Continental Australasia or Oceania while Ireland is in Continental Europe. These two countries fall under top ten in the best health care providers in the world (Hungerford et al, 2014). The paper will majorly dwell on the health policies, current issues, and problems faced in the delivery of services in the two nations. Moreover, comparisons and the contrast as per the health care country will also be explaine d in an explicit way in the paper. Health policies The two countries have the guarding regulations in the running of their health care. In both countries, the government majorly controls health care. In Australia, it is supervised by Australian Department for Health and Ageing (DNH) (Australia, 2006).It was formed through the Acts of Parliament in order to aid in giving the government the way things run or suggestions on what ought to be done in order to improve health care system in the country. This body was formed and implemented in the year 1984. After its implementation, the health sector in the country radically improved in both the public and the private sector. On the other hand, the government also facilitates Medicare in Ireland. It is the role of the Health Service Providers (HSP) of this nation to foresee the functionalism of the health sector and inform the government accordingly. It was founded in the year 2005 through the Act of Parliament (Lakeman, 2008) The formation was as a result of problems which had outlawed the government and thus the need for a special body was of great magnificent. In both the countries, Red Cross Society helps in delivery of blood in case an emergency arises (BRAITHWAITE, HYDE POPE, 2010). The Mandate of the Bodies Overseeing Healthcare The main reasons behind the two states taking over the responsibility of providing and running of the health care fraternity was to prevent its citizens from over-exploitation from the private health care providers. Apart from that, the government realized that the need for provision of quality health care depends solely on their capability. Moreover, the challenges brought about by the rising cases of chronic diseases such as cancer was looming and thus the need to act swiftly was required. Australia and Ireland also wanted to be like other nations whom the role of running health care fraternity was the responsibility of the government. In both the nations, legal and ethical health care of the ageing population is involuntary. The old people have the right to whether accept to be taken to nursing home to spend the rest days of their lives or to remain at home. One realizes that, in both countries, the old people do not welcome the idea of being raised in nursing home. Most would like to spend their dying age at home since they feel comfortable because it is the place they have always been. According to statistics carried out, most feel that they are isolated by their children and the society when taken to nursing homes. Besides, women were found as the ones who preferred to be in nursing home as compared to their counterparts the male. It is estimated that 5% of the population in ageing stage live in nursing homes prior to their death. The retention and use of human biological contents in both countries is considered. This biological sample such has kidneys of the diseased or heart or even the entire body is allowed by their respective countries to be used as control experiments for testing of drugs among other medical tests. Despite of it being constituted, it is faced with a lot of ethical challenges. It is countenanced by the wider competing public interest as a result of its potential value. Human body parts are very expensive and rarely found and thus the relatives and the public take this as an opportunity to get back into the government financially. Additionally, some people are very religious to an extent that they believe in respect for the death. This makes them not to allow any body part of their deceased to be used in biological process. This has raised a lot of alarm and slowed down the medical research. Both countries have a constituted mental health law. According to this regulation, the persons of unsound mind are subject to detention in safe places in order to avoid causing of problems in the society in the event where the disease takes control of their capability. It is recommended that they are taken good care by the medical expertise during such times. It is also required that the predicament should be quite serious before one is taken to the hospital for the unsound. This is because in the case whereby one is subjected to that treatment and the problem is not that complicated the probability of committing suicide or being depressed is inevitable. It was also documented that before one is confined, the history of persistence in the disorder is provided. People who show that the unsound person had continuously shown the signs and symptoms are put into consideration since the evidence shows that one will be completely sick. In addition to that, the insane person is also given th e voice to talk on whether to be detained or not. It should be a voluntary decision especially for persons of maturity age and those who used to live a normal life in the past. Both nations are strict on how these groups of people are handled by the medical personnel (Mckenna, Keeney Hasson, 2008). Patients autonomy policy is also a regulation governing the medical fraternity in both states. The patients have the ability to state that they want to be treated by whom, and the mode of treatment they should receive. They also have the freedom of engaging with the health care provider in relation to their health problem and on a wider range of issues. The patient also chooses which medication to be given and no medical personnel can force or compel a patient to take medications in which one does not want. The ill person can also dictate on the place one want to be treated from. This can be at home, school or place of work and the doctor has to follow without complaining and failing to do so; medical provider is subject to imprisonment. This is because it is seen as breaking the law (GALLEGO, CASEY, NORMAN GOODALL, 2010) Permissibility of death is also discussed at length in the health constitution of these countries. A person who does not show any sign of recovering and is sufferi ng too much can be suppressed to die by the medics. This is only done in the event where the relatives agreed upon it and show it in writing and signing. This clause has received a lot of debate from humanitarian agents since life is very fundamental. According to Jones (2007), one should be allowed to die in peace instead of injecting drugs to discontinue life. Approach to Reproductive Health Maternal Health Reproductive health and maternal health care also caries lot of weight in the health policy of the two nations. Mothers and girls have the privilege to deliver in hospitals of their choice. The parties involved should be specialized in order to avoid a complication, which comes with delivering. Both countries provide these services free of charge to all in any of its public hospitals. However, in the private sector, they subsidize this service in order to reach all at a cheaper and comfortable way. Another big concern is on the abortion-related matters (Milgrom, Heaton Timothy Newton, 2013). The doctors have the mandate to perform abortion to the client given the state of the mother and the fetus is in danger. This faces serious ethical and legal concerns from humanitarian organizations. This is because most people believe that doctors have reached an extent of performing such for client of unwanted pregnancies brought about by unscrupulous behavior. Their respective governments are mandated with the task of financing the medical fraternity of Australia and Ireland. In Australia for instance, it is estimated that 1.5% of income levied from both Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and National Domestic Product (NDP) of the country is used in financing the health sector (Mckenna, Keeney Hasson, 2009). The government of this country also has separate pharmaceuticals, which are state owned. This assists its citizens in purchasing of drugs at a cheaper price. However, in the point of excess the patient pays own medications unless one is privileged to have medical insurance. Similarly, the government of Ireland also provides health care free to its citizens. It is estimated that health care is financed through taxation of 2% of wages received by the working population. This money is used to improve health facilities and for purchasing of drugs used in treating patients in the hospitals. Furthermore, a patient pays for ones medication on poin t of excesses unless one has medical insurance. Children and dependent spouses receive medication free of charge in all hospitals. Australian and Irelands are provided medical care universally by their respective governments without discrimination on social class and so on (Embrett, Randall, Longo, Nguyen Mulvale, 2016) Current issues in health delivery Cost of technology is one of the major current issues affecting the health fraternity in both countries. The innovation of machines such has x-rays, chemotherapy equipment, and kidney dialysis machines have caused more than enough problems in the medical fraternity. These machines are subject to breakage, the manner of using is also very complicated since most doctors, and nurses capacity of using is still below the estimated quality. This has made these nations to spend too much in changing and training of medics on how to use the so equipment. Another current issue affecting this nations healthcare is equity for health provision countrywide. Despite of these being implemented countrywide, it is noted that only those people of high class such has politicians have the privilege to access quality health care. According to research carried out in one of the hospitals in Ireland, it was realized that there is a special ward, which is used in treating of dignitaries and those people who are wealth. Moreover, the way they are handled is special as compared to ordinary citizens. These menaces need an immediate address otherwise; the entire health sector will soon diminish (Kowalchuk, 2011). The pandemic brought about by chronic diseases is also seriously eating on the government. This has majorly being as a result of change in demography. The working population is bound to contract chronic disease and thus the spending on medical care on the government and the dependent population escalates. This leads to much spending on unprofitable ventures and in return the concentration on nation building matters are left in the hand of international donors such world bank (RIPPON, 2000). The degree on persistence on quality and safety concerns in the health sector is looming in both countries. This is as a result of serious reparations a nation is bound to face in case one fails to provide quality health care as required by World Health Organization (WHO) (Metcalf et al, 2016). This has caused immense struggle among them in order to meet these standards. This in the long run paralyses other important sectors of the economy and pulls back the economy of a nation. Besides, the cost of providing health increases day by day (MOHRMAN SHANI, 2010). This is attributed to continuous change in climatic conditions making most people to be vulnerable to diseases. This causes a massive expenditure by the government and their citizens. The problem emanating from uncertainties on how to balance between public and private health care fraternities is strongly hitting on the government. Most private investors more so the doctors have realized that health fraternity is very profitabl e. This has caused majority of them to compete with the government in this field. Some have even left their jobs in public sector to run their own business (MITCHELL, 2009). This has caused a big gap which is needed to be filled as soon as possible otherwise the tyranny of health care will fail the sooner. Governments from the two countries experiences big problems while trying to bring about balance in these two sectors providing health (VAN, CLARKE, SAVAGE E HALL, 2008). Primary health According to Varley (2016), primary health is defined as health provided at the grass root level. It is provided by different groups both qualified or unqualified health providers. The similarity between the two nations is that both of them have this method of running health care facility in place. It is majorly provided at home or a region where a large population is concentrated. The parties involved are the government, private and non-governmental organizations. Their main agenda is to deal with factors such has drug abuse, asthma, and cancer and sex educations. This is because a person needs holistic health, social welfare, and educational needs (VAN, CLARKE, SAVAGE HALL, 2008) The difference in primary care between Australia and Ireland in that, Ireland is specific on the geographical location a number to be administered by a certain group of health personnel. It is estimated that they should deal with a population ranging 7000 to 10,000. On the other hand, Australian bases on the communities or social sites without any specific number of persons being targeted. Universal health care In both the countries, health care is provided equally to all citizens free of charge. Every citizen is subjected to be treated in any public hospital where one specifies without a big deal. In this universal health, the government finances through taxes from the wages and incomes of the working population (Liamputtong, 2011). The patient pays the excess amount required in medical care or the insurance if at all one has subscribed to any. This distinctive feature between these two countries as far as universal health care is concerned is that, in Australia, the government owns pharmaceuticals outlet, which are used by the common citizens to buy drugs (McMurray Clendon, 2014). This was intended to prevent overexploitation since majority of private organizations sell at a high price, which is not affordable to the common citizen. On the other hand, the Ireland government does not have such projects and thus their citizens solely depends the private sectors. Impacts of delivery of services The living standards of majority of citizens of these nations have been constantly doing well and have improved tremendously. This is because when one is healthy, everything sounds good and even morale of working or doing business is negotiable. However, according to international reports health care in Australia is far much better than that of Ireland (Guzys Petrie, 2013). This is because the dedication extends of Australian medics is of high magnitude as compared to Ireland. Conclusion Health care is paramount to all citizens. It is the responsibility of the government to ensure that their citizens have quality health care in order to counter on the challenges brought by disease pandemic. Moreover, the nations should work together in helping structure health care across the eight world continents in order to reduce human suffering caused by diseases. References Australia. (2006). Aged care in Australia. Canberra, A.C.T.: Dept. of Health and Ageing. 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